Series in Microelectronics
edited by
Wolfgang Fichtner
Qiuting Huang
Heinz Jäckel
Hans Melchior
George S. Moschytz
Gerhard Tröster
Christian
Kromer
10 Gb/s to 40 Gb/s Receiver for
High-Density Optical Interconnects
in 80-nm CMOS.
2006; 270 pages. € 64,00. ISBN 3-86628-069-6
This book presents several
circuits for 10 Gb/s to 40 Gb/s low power, high-density optical interconnect
applications implemented in a standard digital 80-nm CMOS process. With a 4×10
Gb/s optical transceiver array, consuming 2.5 mW/(Gb/s) only, it was
demonstrated that the required aggregate bandwidth of several Tb/s in near
future and the limited system power budget in high-density chip-to-chip
interconnects can be met. A 40 Gb/s optical receiver explores the possibilities
in terms of high speed and low power consumption of today’s CMOS technology. In
order to achieve these high data rates of the optical receivers, a novel
transimpedance amplifier (TIA) topology is introduced and compact peaking
inductors were used. A first-order bang-bang clock-and-data recovery (CDR)
circuit presents a high data rate of 25 Gb/s and a new topology suited for
high-density, pseudo-synchronous electrical and optical interconnects. In
addition, a detailed system analysis for an optical link is given and
electrical specifications for the receiver designs are derived. Further, CMOS
NFET transistors are characterized for DC, AC and noise performance, and many
new circuit ideas and topologies are proposed.
About the Author
Christian Kromer was born in
1970 in Zurich, Switzerland. He received the M.S. degree in electrical
engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH) in
1996. He joined LSI Logic Corporation, in Milpitas, CA, in 1997, where he was
engaged in printed circuit board design for a quadrature phase shift key (QPSK)
receiver system, integrated circuit (IC) design for an 8-PSK demodulator, and
discrete radio frequency (RF) circuit design. In 2001, he started the Ph.D.
program at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH), in
collaboration with the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory in Rüschlikon. The Ph.D.
thesis has been successfully submitted to the ETH in 2005.
His research interests are
high-density optical interconnects and complementary metal-oxide semiconductors
(CMOS) analog RF circuit design. He served as a reviewer for several IEEE
journals, e.g. the TMTT, TCAS and MWCL.
Keywords:
Receiver, transceiver, transceiver
array, transmitter, optical, optical receiver, high-density, interconnect,
array, IO, I/O, I-O, link, data communication, 10 Gb/s, 10 Gbps, 10 GHz, 20
Gb/s, 20 Gbps, 20 GHz, 25 Gb/s, 25 Gbps, 25 GHz, 40 Gb/s, 40 Gbps, 40 GHz,
transimpedance amplifier, TIA, limiting amplifier, LA, buffer, output buffer,
broadband amplifier, feedback, feedback amplifier, shunt-feedback, feed-forward,
common-gate, regulated cascode, small-signal, transimpedance, operational
transconductance amplifier, OTA, DC-offset, compensation, common-mode feedback,
CMFB, Clock-and-data recovery, CDR, static frequency divider, dynamic frequency
divider, phase interpolator, clock buffer, half-rate phase detector, analog filter,
digital loop filter, D-flip-flop, DFF, gilbert-cell, T-flip-flop, TFF, xor,
XOR, exor, EXOR, jitter, jitter tolerance, jitter transfer, jitter generation,
total jitter, random jitter, deterministic jitter, synchronization,
multiplexer, de-multiplexer, bang-bang, thermometer, coding, counter, Photo
diode, photo receiver, PIN, photo current, responsivity, vertical-cavity
surface-emitting laser, VCSEL, multi-mode fibre, MMF, single-mode fibre, SMF,
optical link performance, power penalty, multi-level, eye-diagram,
bit-error-rate, BER, signal-to-noise-ratio, input-referred noise current, SNR,
power budget, sensitivity, receiver sensitivity, optical receiver sensitivity, pseudo-random
bit-sequence, PRBS, CMOS, short-channel, short-channel CMOS, van der Ziel, van
der Ziel noise model, channel noise, induced gate noise, NMOS, PMOS, poly
resistor, shunt peaking, series peaking, series and shunt peaking, peaking
inductors, source degeneration, Printed circuit board, PCB, substrate.
Direkt bestellen bei / to order directly from: Hartung.Gorre@t-online.de